高中英語補(bǔ)習(xí)機(jī)構(gòu)_定語從句語法知識點(diǎn)匯總
對一些精彩的句子應(yīng)摘抄下來,熟讀背誦,并有意識地將它們應(yīng)用到自己的習(xí)作中去。這里說的“精彩”,并不是專指那些生僻的羞澀難懂的句子,而是一些表達(dá)方式新穎生動形象的句子。例如《the climate & clothing of the uk》一文中有一句“september may find you eating your lunch on some grassy spot in the sun one day and trying to shelter from the rain under an umbrella that has turned itself inside-out in a howling gale the next!”這個句子盡管長卻不難理解,正是由于其倒裝句式的妙用。一些原汁原味的英文習(xí)作之所以讀起來更有味道,其中一個很重要的原因就是它們綜合運(yùn)用了不同的表達(dá)方式,能變換句式,避免重復(fù)哆嗦。有意識地多積累一些這樣的精彩句子,并應(yīng)用到自己的習(xí)作中去,便可擺脫那種“單一陳述”型的模式,使自己的文章更有活力。
學(xué)習(xí)是一次獨(dú)立的行動,需要探索琢磨積極應(yīng)戰(zhàn)頑強(qiáng)應(yīng)戰(zhàn),艱辛由你獨(dú)自承擔(dān),勝利由你獨(dú)立爭取。下面就是小編給大家?guī)淼母咧杏⒄Z作文提高的方法,希望大家喜歡!高中英語作文
關(guān)系代詞指導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞所取代的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語賓語定語等身分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
who, whom, that
這些詞取代的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想見你的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天見的那小我私人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
Whose 用來指人或物,(只用作定語, 若指物,它還可以同of which交換), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了,人人都跑已往協(xié)助。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
which, that
它們所取代的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語賓語等,例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村泛起了亙古未有的繁榮。(which / that在句中作賓語)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語)
關(guān)系副詞指導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系副詞可取代的先行詞是時間地址或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語。
when, where, why
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的寄義相當(dāng)于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu),因此經(jīng)常和"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用,例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時刻。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們輔助他的理由嗎?
that取代關(guān)系副詞
that可以用于示意時間地址方式理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和"介詞+ which"指導(dǎo)的定語從句,在口語中that常被省略,例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前棲身過的地方。
判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞
方式一: 用關(guān)系代詞,照樣關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語,就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞;而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
判斷改錯(注:先顯示題,再顯示謎底,橫線;用差其余顏色示意出。)
(錯) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(錯) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(對) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
(對) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
習(xí)慣上總把表地址或時間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。
方式二: 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的身分(主謂賓定狀),也能準(zhǔn)確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。
例 Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例 Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
謎底:例D,例A
例為一定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例為一定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句,所缺部門為賓語,而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表語,又可做從句的賓語,可以省略關(guān)系代詞,以是應(yīng)選D。
而句, 主謂賓俱全,從句部門為句子的狀語表地址,既可用副詞where,又因 in the museum詞組,可用介詞in + which 指導(dǎo)地址狀語。而此題中,介詞on 用的紕謬,以是選A。
關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的身分,先行詞在從句中做主定賓語時,選擇關(guān)系代詞 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行詞在從句中做狀語時,應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞 ( where 地址狀語,when 時間狀語,why 緣故原由狀語) 。
限制性和非限制性定語從句
定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不能缺少的部門,去掉它主句意思往往不明確;非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明,去掉了也不會影響主句的意思,它與主句之間通常用逗號離開,例如:
This is the house which we bought last month. 這是我們上個月買的那幢屋子。(限制性)
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.這幢屋子很漂亮,是我們上個月買的。(非限制性)
當(dāng)先行詞是專著名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時,厥后的定語從句通常是非限制性的,例如:
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史女士去年退休了,他曾經(jīng)是我的先生。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年買的的那幢屋子帶著個漂亮的花園。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 這本小說很悅耳,我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。
非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其舉行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù),例如:
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎沒捉住我的意思,這使我心煩。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝@就叫做蒸發(fā)。
說明:關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能指導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。
介詞+關(guān)系詞
介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。
that前不能有介詞。
某些在從句中充那時間,地址或緣故原由狀語的"介詞+關(guān)系詞"結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when 和where 交換。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
as, which 非限制性定語從句
由as, which 指導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,as和which可代整個主句,相當(dāng)于and this或and that。As一樣平常放在句首,which在句中。
如今越來越強(qiáng)調(diào)語言的實用性和交際性,注重在真實語境中考查學(xué)生對基礎(chǔ)語法知識的掌握和靈活運(yùn)用能力;尤其對動詞的考查占了相當(dāng)比例。
高考著實是一種豐收,它包蘊(yùn)著太多的內(nèi)涵。無論高考成績?nèi)绾危愕某砷L與成熟是任何人無法改變的事實,這三年的辛勤走過,你獲得的太多太多。下面就是小編給大家?guī)淼娜私贪娓呷?
,高三歷史培訓(xùn)班高考的壓力很大,所以高三學(xué)生在高考前感到焦慮是很正常的。適當(dāng)?shù)慕箲]也是對學(xué)生的一種鼓勵,在一定程度上可以幫助孩子考出一個好成績,但是過度焦慮的話,就會對人的身體健康產(chǎn)生巨大的危害了,甚至?xí)绊懙綄W(xué)生的考試,所以大家一定要加以重視。高考之前,人的身上出現(xiàn)焦慮的現(xiàn)象非常正常,如果焦慮不是很嚴(yán)重,大家是不需要擔(dān)心的,但是如果焦慮非常嚴(yán)重,那么大家**是適當(dāng)?shù)丶右砸龑?dǎo),這個時候家長們可以給孩子做一些思想工作,讓孩子不要有太大的壓力,同時在督促孩子學(xué)習(xí)的過程中,還要注意勞逸結(jié)合,多帶孩子放松放松。,As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
典型例題
Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
A. it B. that C. which D. he
謎底C. 此為非限制性從句,不能用 that修飾,而用which.,it 和he 都使后句成為句子,兩個自力的句子不能單以逗號毗鄰。況且選he句意不通。
The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
謎底B。which可取代句子,用于非限制性定語從句,而what不能。That 不能用于非限制性定語從句,it不為連詞,使由逗號毗鄰的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。
It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..
A. that B. which C. as D. it
謎底B.
as 和which在指導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時,這兩個關(guān)系代詞都指主句所表達(dá)的整個意思,且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但差異之處主要有兩點(diǎn):
( as 指導(dǎo)的定語從句可置于句首,而which不能。
( as 代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時,從句中的謂語必須是系動詞;若為行為動詞,則從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用which.。
在本題中,prevent由于是行為動詞,以是準(zhǔn)確選項應(yīng)為B。
As 的用法
例 the same… as;such…as 中的as 是一種牢固結(jié)構(gòu), 和……一樣……。
I have got into the same trouble as he (has).
例 as可指導(dǎo)非限制性從句,常帶有'正如'。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
As是關(guān)系代詞。例的as作know的賓語;例,它充當(dāng)從句的主語,謂語動詞know要用被動式。
先行詞和關(guān)系詞二合一
Whoever spits in public will be punished here.
(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 取代)
The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.
(what 可以用all that取代)
what/whatever;that/what; who/whoever
what = the thing which;whatever = anything
What you want has been sent here.
Whatever you want makes no difference to me.
who= the person that whoever= anyone who
(錯)Who breaks the law will be punished.
(錯)Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.
(對)Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
(對)Who robbed the bank is not clear.
that 和 what
當(dāng)that指導(dǎo)定語從句時 ,通常用作關(guān)系代詞,而指導(dǎo)名詞性從句時,是個不充當(dāng)任何身分的毗鄰詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that??墒÷?。What只能指導(dǎo)名詞性從 句, 用作毗鄰代詞,作從句的詳細(xì)身分,且不能省略。
I think (that) you will like the stamps.
What we need is more practice.
關(guān)系代詞that 的用法
不用that的情形
a) 在指導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時。
(錯) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b) 介詞后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
只能用that作為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的情形
a) 在there be 句型中,只用that,不用which。
b) 在不定代詞,如:anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時,只用that,不用which。
c) 先行詞有the only, the very修飾時,只用that。
d) 先行詞為序數(shù)詞數(shù)詞形容詞最高級時,只用that。.
e) 先行詞既有人,又有物時。
舉例:
All that is needed is a supply of oil.
所需的只是供油問題。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
那賊最終把偷的所有器械交給了警員。
定語從句語法知識點(diǎn)匯總相關(guān)文章:
英語必評語法知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)
高考英語定語從句語法知識點(diǎn)與學(xué)習(xí)方式
常考的英語語法知識點(diǎn)匯總
英語必修一語法知識點(diǎn)匯總
高中英語定語從句知識
英語重點(diǎn)語法英語條記--定語從句
高中英語語法知識點(diǎn)整理總結(jié)
英語語法知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)
人教版高中英語必修一語法知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)
成都高中文化課指點(diǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)電話:,高三歷史補(bǔ)課機(jī)構(gòu)全面復(fù)習(xí)高中教材內(nèi)容,覆蓋知識點(diǎn),精準(zhǔn)針對必考點(diǎn),突破重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)。 · 精選練習(xí)題,精練高考題型掌握讀題破題解題技巧,方法,提高應(yīng)考能力。 天